The paper considers a ratio between chaos and time. It is shown that the epistemological relation of time and chaos in scientific cognition is connected with uncertainty and unpredictability of future states. This link does not exist in classical dynamics, because the future is fully determined by the equations of motion. It is supported by the existence of static and deterministic chaos in statistical physics and nonlinear dynamics, and in the theory of relativity it is resulted from ambiguity of the past and the future. It is assumed that the irreversibility of time should be not an ontological, but epistemological feature of time connected with the features of human cognition and reflecting the irreversibility of thermodynamic and the instability of nonlinear processes. The idea of ‘nonlinear arrow of time’ is introduced.

The article considers the concept, place and role of socio-philosophical analysis in the current system of methods of scientific cognition, as well as its object, subject, aim, specificity, and algorithm. A range of categories of socio-philosophical concepts is investigated with an accent on “social reality”. The socio-philosophical analysis is proposed as a special scientific methodology of tackling scientific problems. The author concludes that though socio-philosophical knowledge is not highly demanded in modern society, but its methodology is necessary for projecting programs and conceptions of Russia’s social development.

This article is an attempt to understand the ontological and epistemological essence of prejudice as a means of mental activity from the active, dialectical-materialist point of view. The main semantic and substantive values of the notions characterizing the attitude of human reasoning to prejudiced mind are formulated, i.e. spontaneity, contemplation, and perceptivity. The article argues for the need of establishing philosophical pathos of negation of ordinary, prejudiced thinking on the way to rational and reasonable one under conditions of totality of modern irrationalism (postmodernism) with its obsession with corporeality and lack of spirituality.

The article touches upon the issues of the correlation between being and non-being as the basis of philosophical theories in the light of numerous scientific publications. It discusses the ontic foundations for the relationship of being and non-being through the existential analysis of a condition associated with the fear of death. This phenomenon is interpreted as the base for the theoretical identification of the notion of nothingness in the distinction between substantial and logical values. The primary significance of nothingness is shown for acquiring spirituality, as well as for solving the problem of alienation in modern consumer society.

The article is devoted to the problem of constructing alternative models of the development of Kazakh history and culture in the 21st century. The author compares the model of globalization and integration of the Kazakh culture into the world culture on the one hand, and the model of national original development of the Kazakh culture based on the unique national traditions on the other. The article shows how spiritual ill-being of each person and people as a whole, along with socio-economic, political and geopolitical factors could adversely affect the fate of the Kazakh people.

The article reviews and traces the development of the main approaches to understanding the value of law. The views of experts in the theory of natural law and the doctrine of legal positivism are presented. The importance of two fundamental concepts of law in the process of forming the ideas about law and its values is highlighted. A conclusion is made of the necessity of an integrative approach that will make prominent the advantages of each of the concepts of understanding the value of law and provide the possibility of the most effective use of legal values in the life of contemporary society.

The article presents an attempt of existential-phenomenological interpretation of Mandelstam’s works. The analyzed material is Mandelstam’s lyrics and articles of different life periods in which the poet reveals the essence of his innovative approach to the content and form of poetic works, the ideological sources of such views being traced. In the research the author of the article draws on the ideas of French existentialist M. Merleau-Ponty including his «phenomenology of speaking».

The paper deals with the analysis of philosophical and art knowledge synergy in the modernity characterized by new approaches to the problem of knowledge methodology and integrative tendencies in modern knowledge paradigms of both scientific and non-scientific perspectives. One of the most efficient types of this synergy can be defined as philosopheme. The author reveals and substantiates its ontological features, definition and analyses the factors determining topicality and importance of its further study.

Modern pictography of smart phones is becoming one of the most striking symptoms of the new type of consciousness of a modern man emerging. Logocentric perception of information is being replaced by a pictographic one, which is practically realized in full immersion into such symbolic virtual reality where an image becomes an analogue of things. During the process the world of senses is not transferred to the virtual, on the contrary, human perception becomes virtualized. What does happen to the essence of Logos nowadays? It seems to have found a virtual-ontological form. Logos-Father today is global artificial intelligence of the information net and being inside this virtual matrix humans shift their rational functions to it, merging with virtual Mother-Earth and developing pre-reflexive mythological model of thinking.

This article analyses the brothers Troubetskoy’s philosophical views on the phenomenon of creativity. By introducing the idea of “universal consciousness” S. Troubetskoy made a transfer from individual consciousness to the universal one and treated the being as a complex reality related both to individual consciousness and objective world. S. Troubetskoy's views are analyzed at the levels of reality as it discloses to man with an emphasis on a rather special religiosity of cognitive processes and their connection with the transcendental and values and moral identity of man. The main feature of E. Troubetskoy's philosophy of creativity is its aspiration to the Absolute and search for the infinite and unchangeable sense in the whole being. E. Troubetskoy considers cognition as important, but limited part of human existence, whereas creative intuition permitting us to see that in the world of God everything is eternal should be recognized as the basis of any cognitive and creative act.

Аbstract. The article deals with the formation and development of History from its classical forms to modern non-classical approaches. Based on the analysis of Husserl’s concept of inter- subjectivity it is proved that inter-subjectivity of scientific community plays a dual role in the process of historical research. It builds objective knowledge in historical science and provides the dynamics of historical knowledge. The author of the article shows the role and importance of Kristeva’s works justifying the relevance of the study of intertextuality in historical texts as an empirical basis of historical science. The article reveals the specificity of historical texts that have referential function and investigates a dialogical character of historical sources as a prerequisite for the formation of new research directions in historical epistemology.

The article makes a comparison between continental and analytical approaches to the study of technology. The condition that provides the possibility of analytical philosophy of technology is an unprejudiced study without value judgments. Whereas the continental tradition of the philosophy of technology focuses on social, humanistic and anthropological aspects of man and technology interaction, the analytic approach is based on epistemological and praxeological studies of technology. The specificity of the analytical approach is illustrated by the problem of epistemological emancipation and double demarcation of technical knowledge.