The Constructive Nature of Theoretical Knowledge in Science and Its Methods
https://doi.org/10.18384/2949-5148-2024-3-52-62
Abstract
Aim. To describe the theoretical level of scientific knowledge, its subject and methods.
Methodology. The qualitative difference between the ontology of the theoretical level of scientific knowledge and the empirical level of knowledge is revealed. Whereas the meanings of concepts and statements of the empirical level of scientific knowledge are sensory models of real objects and their properties, the meanings of concepts and statements of the theoretical level of knowledge are ideal, purely mental objects, their properties and relationships.
Results. It is shown that the ontological specificity of the theoretical level of scientific knowledge has determined its methodological features. The main methods of constructing the theoretical reality of science by thinking and its evidence-based description in scientific theories are considered.
Research implications. The relative independence of theoretical reality and methods of its construction is justified not only from sensory reality, but also from the empirical reality of science.
About the Authors
S. A. Lebedev
Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Sergey A. Lebedev – Dr. Sci. (Philosophy), Prof., Prof., Department of Philosophy,
5 bld. 1, 2-ya Baumanskaya str., Moscow 105005.
S. S. Savin
Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Sergey S. Savin – Master’s Degree Student, Faculty of Power Engineering,
5 bld. 1, 2-ya Baumanskaya str., Moscow 105005.
References
1. Lazarev S. A., Lebedev S. A. [Philosophical reflection: essence, types, forms]. In: Voprosy filosofii [Questions of Philosophy], 2016, no. 6, pp. 15–28.
2. Lebedev S. A. Metodologicheskaya kul’tura uchyonogo. T. 2 [Methodological culture of a scientist. Vol. 2]. Moscow, Prospekt Publ., 2021. 216 p.
3. Lebedev S. A. Nauchnaya deyatel’nost’: osnovnye ponyatiya [Scientific activity: basic concepts]. Moscow, Prospekt Publ., 2021. 136 p.
4. Lebedev S. A. [Scientific truth: consensual-expert character]. In: Gumanitarnyj vestnik [Humanitarian Bulletin], 2019, no. 3 (77). Available at: https://hmbul.bmstu.ru/catalog/hum/phil/601.html (accessed: 02.06.2024).
5. Lebedev S. A. [The Problem of the Truth of Scientific Theory]. In: Gumanitarnyj vestnik [Humanitarian Bulletin], 2018, no. 4 (66). Available at: https://hmbul.bmstu.ru/catalog/hum/phil/514.html (accessed: 02.06.2024).
6. Lebedev S. A. Sovremennaya filosofiya nauki [Modern Philosophy of Science]. Moscow, Prospekt Publ., 2023. 312 p.
7. Lebedev S. A. [Theory as a Special Unit of Scientific Knowledge: Ontology and Methods]. In: Gumanitarnyj vestnik [Humanitarian Bulletin], 2023, no. 2 (100). Available at: https://hmbul.bmstu.ru/catalog/hum/phil/829.html (accessed: 02.06.2024).
8. Lebedev S. A. Filosofiya i metodologiya nauki [Philosophy and Methodology of Science]. Moscow, Akademicheskij proekt Publ., 2021. 626 p.
9. Lebedev S. A. Filosofiya nauki: pozitivno-dialekticheskaya koncepciya [Philosophy of Science: Positive-Dialectical Concept]. Moscow, Prospekt Publ., 2021. 448 p.
10. Lebedev S. A. Filosofiya. Metodologiya. Nauka. Izbrannye stat’i [Philosophy. Methodology. Science. Selected Articles]. Moscow, Prospekt Publ., 2023. 720 p.
11. Stepin V. S. Teoreticheskoe znanie [Theoretical Knowledge]. Moscow, Progress-Tradiciya Publ., 2000. 744 p.
Review
Views:
60
Email this article 