In the XX century basic researches of the problem of the rational
were centered around the philosophy of science. The apologists of postpositivism began
to criticize scientific rationality, thus leading the classical conceptions of the rational to
serious transformations. Meanwhile within the framework of the philosophy of science of
postpositivism two types of predicaments arose related to interpretation of the rational. The
critical rationalism approach revealed a ineradicable contradiction between the recognition
of the logical apparatus of science as objective criteria of the rational - on the one hand
and the predominant orientation towards studying of pragmatical aspects of the scientific
knowledge not directly related to using this apparatus - on the other hand. The approach
of the opponents of the critical realism shows pragmatical orientation in researches of the
scientific knowledge on a more consistent level. However consecutive realization of this
orientation leads to wrongful extension of the concept оf the rational.

In the article «Rationality and rationalization in German philosophy»
some conceptions of evolution of European reason are considered, especially in Hegels,
Webers, Adornos and Heideggers philosophical theories. The authors opinion is that
attitude towards reason has changed from optimism by Enlightenments theorists and Hegel
to pessimistic criticism by philosophers like Adorno or Heidegger.

The author analyzes experience of classification of models of culture in technical aspect.
The author considers technics as the integral component of culture. Such approach allows
to consider technics in human measurement. The cultural community has an opportunity to
choose the future and to coordinate the choice with interests of other cjmmunities.

This clause of M.S.Gubenko narrates about the social-philosophic
consideration of mechanisms of common consciousness and common memory as its object.
Its became an imagery of psychological seen of human memory to mechanism of common
memory.

The theme of research work is Russian religical tradition in the Specific
of the russian confession culture. Religics as a scientific trend is still forming, that is why
the science itself has not defined and specified the problematic field of research. The study
of religious culture, the definition of moral universalities and nations - specific ethnoses
presentations and norms correlation features of interpretation in them of common to all
mankind moral demands are very actual. Religical culture of russian ethnoses very significant,
as a subject of spiritual culture, was investigated in an article by the author.

The article «Studying and interpretation of notions mentatity and
mentalness in social philosophy and history of culture» is focused on the theory of
mentality. The author argues that present stage in development of the theory of mentality
can be interpreted as pre-paradigmatical.

In the article «Mentality of Mordovian ethnos in the dimentions of social
philosophy and theory of culture (end of the XXth - beginning of the XXIth century)»
the author investigates Mordovian ethnos from the point of view of main substantial
charachteristics of the nation. The author, showing the prospects for new consciousness
development, notes that organic interaction of Russian and Mordovian mentalities can be
regarded as favourable for the further integration of the Mordovian ethnos to the global
civilization. Dissertation topic: «Social and philosophical analysis of mentality». Zagorodnova
Irina Vladimirovna. Saransk, Mordovia State University, Department of Philosophy for the
Humanities.

Kolotuscha W.W. Wertgrundlagen des Gewaltzwangs. Der Artikel ist dem
Problem der Wertgrundlagen des Gewaltzwangs als einer besonderen Art der Tдtigkeit gewidmet.
Der Autor begrьndet die Aktualitдt, erschlieЯt die theoretischen und methodologischen
Voraussetzungen ihrer Entdeckung. Im Artikel sind Wertgrundlagen der Gewaltanwendung
in der gegenwдrtigen Gesellschaft bestimmt. Der Autor schlдgt auch seine Sicht
ihres Hauptinhalts vor.

The article is focused on ethical, legal and cultural analysis of ancient
Russia legal norms on the stage of their forming. The codex Russian Pravda is a basis
for textual and normative analysis. By the example of its statements the author shows the
process of transition from archaic norms of blood feud to moral and legal regulation of social
interactions.

The question of the periodization in the world historical process has always
been the most disputable in the philosophy of history. The Soviet period is not an exception
to the rule. In spite of the fact that historical materialism by K. Marks became the official
ideology of Soviet science, discussions around this question did not stop. Scientific points of
view of famous native sociologists of the first third of the XX century concerning the questions
of historical periodization are analyzed in the article. At the same time the stereotype that
Markss theory of the world formations, which was the only one in Soviet Historical Science,
is being ruined.

Actuality of this article is the social and philosophy problem, with has
an important theoretical and practical mean for the military security of Russia in present
time. Methodological basics of the problem analysis are presented in this article. Also, you
can find the meaning of the leadership and informational war there. The great attention
author made on looking through the problems of the leadership of the Russian army in
informational war conditions.

Life and the creative work of forgotten Russian positivist E.V. de Roberty
can be identified with the whole epoch full of puzzles and mystery. This article reflects the
investigation of his biography and also social situation which help to form his system of
positivism (giperpositivism, robertism, neopositivism). This system brought him world
fame. There is an analysis of different angles of E.V. de Robertys creative work in which he
appeared as a teacher, popularizer and theorist of the positivism in this article.

This article is devoted to problem of progress in social conception of Russian
philosopher K L Leontiev. The thinker proposed the original for his time idea negativing
the main role of progress in social development. The publication deals with peculiarities
phenomenon of progress within the limits of cultural studies and social economics. K. L.
Leontiev underlines the connection of the problem with general idea of triple process of
growth, development and death.

Тhe theoretical aspect of «coloured revolutions» is studying in the article
«The coloured revolutions: theoretical aspect». They are classified and compared with classic
political Revolutions in it. On the basis of analyses of the leading west and Russian scientists
and his own works the author of the article picked out a group of factors which described
«coloured revolutions». He also examined the possibility of realization of this situation in
Russia.

All-round analysis of political socialization problem means combination
of personal, social and historical contents. Personal context of political socialization occupy
the processes, laying in the self structure. Political self as it is connected with being of Homo
politicus as historical man type, ideologized in its version, but not the political content of
self. The development of political self connected with complication of self structure by social
and biological man growth.