The article is devoted to the problem of the philosophical comprehension of the social-humanitarian concept “communication”. The content, structure and functions of communication are studied. The concepts of the communication by G.D. Lasswell, K. Shannon-W. Weaver, W. Schramm, T. Nyukomb, R.O. Jakobson, Yu.M. Lotman, Umberto Eco are theoretically analyzed. On this basis, the social-humanitarian communication can be defined as subject-subject information cyclic interaction of nonequivalent communicants, based on the possibility of the correlation of the connotation codes, lexicodes and emotional attitudes and striving for symmetry and creation of similar attitudes as its result.

The article considers the theoretical components of such a worldview as holism, i.e. a philosophical position issuing from the idea of priority of the whole in relation to parts. Historical, ontological, epistemological, ethical aspects of this concept are outlined. An association of holism with organicism, irrational forms of knowledge, mysticism and chiliastic ideal is discovered. The author comes to the conclusion that holism is an ideological paradigm of all Russian philosophy, its “important and unifying component” (B.V. Yakovenko), which remains unchanged even in the context of changing epochs.

The article examines the causes, nature and results of the Russian Revolution on the basis of the works of the Russian classical philosophers. They defined the Revolution as the greatest political, national and spiritual destruction of Russia. The main causes of the Revolution were identified as renunciation of religious belief by the governing and cultural elite and its loss of fidelity to the nation. From this perspective the Revolution is the reflection of the overall spiritual crisis that undermined the nation’s morality and sense of justice. The author reveals the utopian character of the socialist theory confronting it with the Christian world outlook. The analysis of the essence of Bolshevism in terms of political radicalism and criminal legal consciousness allows of identifying its historical varieties. The author comes to the conclusion that the nature of the Revolution is determined by the anti-Christian type of the Soviet civilization as a completely special spiritual and religious epoch in the Russian history, whimsically combining rudimentary-religious utopianism with political party’s utilitarianism.

The article considers the process of humanization of modern education initiated by the demand for intellect in the 21st century; various concepts of intellect in the history of philosophical thought as well as the emergence and development of the modern concept of intellect are analyzed; the relevance and the current request for intellect in the sphere of education are indicated. The paper emphasizes the imperative of the intellectualization of education aimed at the formation of intellectual culture of a person in the process of conscious and reflexive learning. The author comes to the conclusion that the demand for intelligence is currently associated with the global scientific and technological changes and informatization of the society. Intelligence is promoted as the semantic center of civilizational progress and it fulfills the evolutionary function of future management.

Traditional education is based on the linear transfer of knowledge from teacher to student, which results in the student’s new knowledge. This article examines the problem of transforming education in the era of globalization associated with the dynamics of socio-cultural changes, advancing new requirements for schools aimed at forming creative thinking, creative personality. The author analyses the topical problems of the development of the entire personality. It is argued that only a holistic paradigm of education with its nonlinear interaction between the teacher and the learner leading to changes in both contributes to the personal development. The whole article is aimed at revealing the contemporary trends of educational processes and the fundamentals of the creative process. The author concludes that holistic education is developing a new approach to the education of children, with a view to their happy future entry and consolidation in the new, rapidly changing society.

The article considers one of the most important socio-philosophical problems related to the preservation of cultural diversity, the establishment of peaceful relations on the planet, taking into account modern social processes. It is shown that the preservation of national and ethnic traits, social harmonization is ensured by dialogical interaction. The content of the dialogue is revealed in the context of globalization as the main condition for preserving peace. The role of tourism in the formation of intercultural communication is presented. The authors come to the conclusion that the tourist sphere is one of the factors of the rallying of peoples.

The article is devoted to the problem of the lawfulness of the development of society in conditions of transition to post-industrial civilization. Numerous analyses show that the increasing social crises reflect the situation of the exhaustion of the capacity of society to cope with the growing volume of data, which forces more and more functions to be transferred to cyberintellectual systems. The authors come to the conclusion that the former laws give way to new norms and laws, showing a discrepancy between them and the emerging patterns of social development.

The article addresses the subject of manipulative influence of political advertising on collective consciousness. The study analyzes the method of profile or behavioral targeting which aims at obtaining and processing the information about the actions of a potential voter on the Internet, through which the manipulator can identify the main features of the object of manipulation: habits, fears, addictions - targets of manipulative influence at which the psychological impact is directed. As a result, it is concluded that having the necessary information about voters, the manipulator creates conditions under which they changes their political ideas and landmarks.

The article deals with the concept and relationship of virtual reality and virtual communication of the modern social and communicative environment. The author analyzes the virtual environment which contributes to the emergence of a unique form of communication - virtual communication. This type of communication is determined by the established channel for receiving and transmitting information, by the method of not only creating, but also processing the message (i.e. creating virtual images). In such a communicative space, the images that are generated by virtual communication, expressed in the saturated formation of a virtual personality and in the development of global communities, predominate. The author comes to the conclusion that there are changes in the social and communicative environment of life that lead to the replacement of real human relationships with their invented counterparts.

The article is an approach to solving an important historical philosophical task of defining the specifics of G. Spet’s methaphysics. The mentioned problem that has not been yet solved in the national philosophical literature seems to be the most important task in defining the affiliation of Spet’s philosophy with the Russian philosophical tradition. Being based on vast historical data, accomplished with historical, hermeneutical, analytical, ideographical and nomothetical research methods, followed by certain psycholinguistics techniques (“off/text- concept” definition) the research allows us to associate G. Spet with other philosophers of the Russian philosophical tradition of the 1920-1930-s. It also allows us to qualify Spet’s philosophy as deeply centered on an unmanifested concept of the substantiality of “litchnost” (taken as “litchnostnost”) - the basis for the ontic concreate Being.

In the conditions of the growing role of mass media in the society the relevance of a problem of ontologic reliability of widely broadcast ideas of reality also grows. To specify the mass media ability to create the imitated copy of reality the author addresses the data of modern neuroscience on the so-called brain mirror cells. Neuroscientific research shows that at multiple socially approved repetitions the brain can confuse the real object of reflection with its imitation. The author’s purpose is to carry out a correlative analysis of the two phenomena for which the function of ensuring communication is the leading one. They are the following: (1) copying and self-copying activity of mirror neurons of the brain and (2) construction of an imitated copy of the reality by means of the mass media which are tuned to their own reproduction through variable repetitions. Such an approach to the research of the imitating properties of mirror neurons of the brain and the actions of mass media is rather new. The sharpness of the relevance of this research is determined by the fact that artificially designed welfare representation which is constantly repeated in communication is capable of providing changes in cortical representation (Turner, Whitehead, 2008; Burton, 2013). The research problems are (1) to specify neurological factors of the possibility of broad social communication; (2) to reveal a problem link in understanding the communicative function of mirror neurons in neuroscientific research; (3) to establish a categorial basis of cross-disciplinary communications in the research of the problem of imitation of the copy of reality and (4) to define a role of philosophy in forming a cross-disciplinary methodological base for search of the solution of the specified problem. The main conclusion of the research is that the philosophical category “formal semiotic matrix” can be the basis for cross-disciplinary research of the problem of imitation of the copy of reality. The matrix contains the understanding of transformation of specifically biological mechanisms of imitation of reality (in the form of mimicry and recursion) that, being transferred into human communication, have to consider the fundamental social and anthropological bases of practical rationality of a person which are not covered by narrow scientism with its principles of empiricism and economy of resources by all means. The main methods of the research are analogy method, methods of comparative and cross-disciplinary analysis. The theoretical value of this research consists in the specification of the connection between neurological and social conditions of social communication, mass media. Such direction of the research also creates new prospects in studying the potential of consciousness, reflection. The practical application of this research is in strengthening the opportunities of self-checking and public management of the growing tendency of artificial imitation of the reality extending due to technologies of neuromarketing.

This article discusses the causes, conditions and factors of the evolution and integration of the culture and language of the Slavs in the content of the culture and language of the Germanic tribes during the period of Frankish feudalism. Using the materials of German scientists dedicated to the exploration of the problems of the Germanic tribes’ being the author attempts to comprehend the essence and content of certain aspects of the process by revealing its common and special properties. The research findings show that in the process of evolution and integration of the culture and language of the social communities under study the tendency was revealed of their mutual adaptation, which is in the nature of objective-subjective patterns that have shown themselves in the further development of ethnic groups and nations.