RUSSIAN RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHY: FAITH VS INTELLECT

Abstract

Aim. Reveal the position of Russian religious philosophers in relation to the complex dialectics of faith and reason in the cognitive process. Methodology. The corpus of texts by Russian philosophers of the 19th - first half of the 20th centuries is analyzed. The research was carried out using the methods of historical and philosophical reconstruction and comparative analysis. Results. The analysis showed that the task of Russian philosophy - the optimal ratio of faith and reason in the cognitive process - was solved, as a rule, in two ways: either through their identification, or through their unacceptable distance from each other. This methodological task presupposed not the rationalization of Christianity, but the Christianization of thinking, the transformation of logic, rationalized philosophy into contemplation, the combination of reason with the apophatic sphere. The ways of solving these problems presupposed further ways of solving questions about the possibility of mystical experience, about the reality of conscious communication with God, about the ultimate vocation of man and humanity. Research implications. Based on patristic antinomianism, the ways of mutual integration of faith and reason are indicated, which are different ways and means of gaining true knowledge