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CONSCIOUSNESS AND PERCEPTION OF THE UNIVERSE (PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CREATION OF HUMAN REPRESENTATIONS ABOUT THE WORLD)

Abstract

Aim. To determine the ways of seeing the Universe by a person, which arise on the basis of his psyche and consciousness and are expressed in the form of an ordinary and artistic description of the environment, as well as culture, mythology, magic, science and, first of all, philosophy, which make it possible to create a general picture of the world. Methodology. The methods of philosophical discourse analysis and the synthesis method were used, which made it possible to assess the role of the psyche and its part of consciousness in the perception of the Universe, as well as to substantiate the role of philosophy in human cognition of the world. Results. In the process of analyzing the principles of human cognition of the world, it was justified that philosophy plays a major role in creating a general picture of the Universe. In this process, the philosophy substantiated such manifestations of a person as his self-awareness, as well as such general concepts as probability, chance and freedom. The category of self-awareness in work is defined as people’s perception of their differences from other objects in the world. The extremely general concepts of probability and chance appear due to an incomplete understanding of the Universe that is not perceived and is completely unknowable. The category of freedom appears due to the reflection of the possibility of various actions of people in the world. In the course of the research, it was shown that in order to describe the presence or absence of manifestations of the Universe in man, the philosophy introduced extremely general concepts of Being and Non-being. Research implications. Justification of the role of philosophy in the cognition of the Universe makes it possible to move away from the subjective and practical knowledge of the humanities in describing the environment. This makes it possible to create the principles of new knowledge that will make it possible to overcome the humanitarian crisis in the knowledge of the world.

About the Author

A. L. Safonov
Moscow Region State University
Russian Federation


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