New Religious Movements: A Comparative Analysis
https://doi.org/10.18384/2949-5148-2024-4-60-72
Abstract
Aim. To study new religious movements and their comparative analysis.
Methodology. The analytical method is used to study the characteristics of new religious movements (NRM), their structure and principles of teaching. The comparative method is used to compare NRM of Eastern, Western and Russian origin, the main criterion for their dividing is a social-geographical feature. These methods allow us to analyze the features of such teachings as Baha'i, New Age, Scientology and Agni Yoga. And also on the basis of comparative analysis, to show how NRM data reflect the specifics of Eastern, Western, and Russian thinking despite the trends of universal globalization and unification of culture, mentality, and worldview.
Results. The author identifies three main types of NRM – of Eastern, Western and Russian origin. All types have common features such as syncretism, eclecticism, focus on individual self-improvement and spiritual growth. However, the eastern type is aimed at uniting traditional religions, the Western type, on the contrary, challenges traditional religious consciousness, while the Russian type represents the middle path of development of NRM.
Research implications. The theoretical significance of the article is in forming understanding of the connections of NRM and their origin, their impact on human consciousness and society. The practical significance lies in the fact that, based on the study, practical steps are proposed in relation to society and the state towards NRM to avoid, on the one hand, extremism, on the other, excessive control.
Keywords
About the Author
A. A. Afanasyeva
Ivanovo State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Maria A. Afanasyeva – Postgraduate Student, Department of Philosophy
ul. Ermaka 39, Ivanovo 153025, Ivanovo Region
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