ONTOLOGICAL ASPECT OF FREEDOM IN RUSSIAN RELIGIOUSPHILOSOPHY OF THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY

Abstract

The aim of the article is to analyze the ontological aspect of freedom in the Russian religious philosophy of the first half of the 20th century. The study was conducted using the methods of historical and philosophical analysis: the method of comparative analysis; method of historical and philosophical reconstruction; interpretation method; method of synthesis as a combination of the interpreted material in a new quality. As a result of the study, it was revealed that Russian religious philosophers of the first half of the 20th century considered freedom as an absolute and at the same time chaotic ontological principle combining both evil and divine. This concept was inevitably associated with the fate of a personality, its moral choice and values. The theoretical value of the article lies in the fact that the undertaken historical and philosophical analysis of the views of Russian religious thinkers on the origin and essence of freedom sets before modern science a task of further researching the essence of freedom and its significance in the moral choice of an individual, revealing the peculiarities of personalism with its individual efforts to overcome world evil, which brings the problem at the interdisciplinary level. The article is intended for teachers, graduate students and those studying the history of Russian philosophy, as well as for all interested in the problem of the foundations of the national spiritual culture.