COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF UTILITY IN THE TEACHINGS OF BERNARD MANDEVILLE AND FRANCIS HUTCHESON

Abstract

Aim. To clarify the ways of using the concept of utility in the works of B. Mandeville and F. Hutcheson. Methodology. The following methods of cognition are used - analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction; as well as the comparative, comparative-systemic approaches, which allowed us to trace the differences and similarities in the ways of defining the concept of utility on the basis of the works of B. Mandeville and F. Hutcheson. Results. In accordance with the conducted research, it is concluded that despite the difference in approaches, the concept of utility for B. Mandeville and F. Hutcheson acts as a rational way of distributing goods, based on the ability to forming. Research implications. An attempt is made to solve the problem of the uncertainty of the foundations of the concept of utility in the works of B. Mandeville and F. Hutcheson. In this regard, it is established that the role of the sphere of morality in relation to aesthetics and praxeology is derived. The initial grounds for action are set by the subject, driven by need and striving to find acceptable forms that lead to his well-being through the ability to forming, as well as to translate them into reality.