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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">philosoph</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современные философские исследования</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Contemporary Philosophical Research</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-5121</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-5148</issn><publisher><publisher-name>State University of Education</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18384/2949-5148-2024-1-33-43</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">philosoph-1160</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОНТОЛОГИЯ И ТЕОРИЯ ПОЗНАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ONTOLOGY AND EPISTEMOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Индивидуальное понимание вещей: распределённые значения, экземпляры и уницепты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Individual Understanding of Things: Distributed Meanings, Exemplars, and Unicepts</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сериков</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serikov</surname><given-names>A. Ye.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сериков Андрей Евгеньевич – кандидат философских наук, доцент кафедры философии</p><p>443086, г. Самара, ул. Московское шоссе, д. 34</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrew Ye. Serikov – Cand. Sci. (Philosophy), Assoc. Prof., Department of Philosophy</p><p>ul. Moskovskoe shosse 34, Samara 443086</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">serikov.ae@ssau.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский национальный исследовательский университет имени академика С. П. Королёва </institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara National Research University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сериков А.Е., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сериков А.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Serikov A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.philosmgou.ru/jour/article/view/1160">https://www.philosmgou.ru/jour/article/view/1160</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Исследование формирования и существования индивидуальных представлений людей о вещах и их связи с языковыми категориями.</p></sec><sec><title>Процедура и методы</title><p>Процедура и методы. Проанализированы сведения об исследованиях активности отдельных нейронов мозга, идеи теории когнитома и экземплярных теорий категоризации, философская концепция уницептов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Научные данные свидетельствуют об уникальности представлений каждого человека о вещах. Отдельным элементам субъективного опыта каждого человека соответствуют распределённые гиперсети нейронов. Языковые категории опираются на субъективный опыт взаимодействия с конкретными экземплярами. Коммуникация осуществляется не на основе всеобщих концептов, а на основе уникальных индивидуальных представлений – уницептов.</p><p>Теоретическая и/или практическая значимость. Впервые в обобщённом виде формулируется идея распределённого кодирования значений, объединяющая то, как понимается кодирование значений вещей в нейропсихологии, в теориях категоризации, в концепции уницептов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To explore the formation and existence of humans’ individual representations of things and their connection to linguistic categories.</p></sec><sec><title>Methodology</title><p>Methodology. The research incorporates analysis of data on the activity of individual brain neurons, ideas from the cognitome theory and exemplar theories of categorization, as well as the philosophical concept of unicepts.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Scientific evidence suggests the uniqueness of each individual’s representations of objects. Distributed hypernetworks of neurons correspond to specific elements of subjective experience for each person. Linguistic categories are based on subjective experience of interacting with specific exemplars. Communication is based not on universal concepts, but rather on unique individual representations – unicepts.</p></sec><sec><title>Research implications</title><p>Research implications. For the first time, this study presents, in a generalized form, the idea of distributed coding of meaning, which combines the understanding of meaning encoding in neuropsychology, categorization theories, and the notion of unicepts.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd> концепт</kwd><kwd>прототип</kwd><kwd>распределённое кодирование</kwd><kwd>семантика</kwd><kwd>уницепт</kwd><kwd>экземпляр</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>concept</kwd><kwd>prototype</kwd><kwd>distributed coding</kwd><kwd>semantics</kwd><kwd>unicept</kwd><kwd>exemplar</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анохин К. В. Когнитом: в поисках фундаментальной нейронаучной теории сознания // Журнал высшей нервной деятельности. 2021. Т. 71. № 1. С. 39–71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anohin K. V. 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